Bridging the gap between general and special education
June 28, 2020BUSN11079 Analytical Thinking and Decision Making
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Introduction
There is no universally accepted definition for the challenging behaviour of children. The behaviour of children is influenced by a number of factors that come into play in their environmental setting. According to W C McGrew, children’s behaviour can be quite challenging on certain occasions so the role of the teachers is highly critical to moulding the children in the right direction. The essay fundamentally focuses on children’s behaviour and the ways in which the disruptive behaviours in them must be managed for their very own well being. During childhood, children are in a vulnerable state so the parents and teachers play a key role to shape the behaviour of the children. The different development phases that the children go through play a critical role as it influences how they view themselves and how they view their peers in the external context. A number of resources have been used to understand the strategic models that the teachers can implement in the classroom setting to deal with the challenging behaviour of the children (VCE Publications, 2018).
A couple of videos have been selected and assessed to understand how the teachers must respond to the challenging behaviour of the children in the classrooms. The role of the educators and the environment has been assessed to comprehend how these elements influence children’s behaviour. The different views that have been presented on children’s behaviour have been compared and contrasted here. This essay is of critical significance as it intends to strengthen the constructive setting of the classroom environment so that the flow of the lessons can be maintained throughout the session. In the education context, the educator is an indispensable participant who has the power to tackle disruptive behaviour in an efficient and effective manner. The strategies have been carefully constructed so that the teachers can efficiently initiate, develop and maintain relationships with children in order to deal with their challenging behaviour. The teachers can use effective strategic models to handle the challenging behaviour of the students so that a constructive learning environment can be created for all the learners that can give them valuable learning lessons in life.
Role of educators to influence children’s behaviour
When children are growing up, they have to interact with a number of people other than their parents such as the teachers or educators, and their peers. These members have a direct influence on their behaviour. According to Erin K Eliassen, young children depend on their family members and teachers to a great extent as these members support and promote their well-being and constructive development (Eliassen, 2011).In fact, the educators are considered to be the ‘role models’ of the children who influence their attitude, behaviour, responses and overall thinking. The educators and teachers are extremely important characters when a child is growing up because they engage the children with different elements in the classroom setting. The teachers must give the students the leeway to experiment in the learning environment so that they can identify their personal skills and the things that are expected from them (Eliassen, 2011).The educator must understand the difference between the misbehaviour of a child and his experimentation skills in the same environment. When a child is having challenges or behaving in an inappropriate manner in the classroom setting, the educator can offer him a positive option so that he can have something constructive to work upon. The educators can praise the children who are working on their assigned tasks diligently so that they can be motivated to showcase the positive behaviour (YouTube, 2018).
According to Tim McDonald, the students that come to school come from diverse background, so the teachers must be careful to strengthen the environment so that it can be engaging and interactive for the students. In the video, the environment was controlled to a certain extent which limited the urge in some of the students to get involved in the learning process. In order to manage the classroom efficiently, the teachers must play an active role and make the students play an active role as well so that the entire session can be interesting and integrative for them. The three-phase model that has been introduced by McDonald in the positive learning framework includes the self-awareness and proactive thinking at the beginning of the session, capturing the attention of the entire class and using a polite tone so that a respectful environment is created. The educators must focus on the needs and requirements of the learners so that they can adopt the most feasible strategies to encourage the students to experiment and explore their inner creativity and talent (McDonald, 2013).
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Role of the environment to influence children’s behaviour
The environmental setting in which the children function plays a vital role to influence their behaviour. According to Kathy Sylva, the school environment influences a children’s development (Sylva, 1994). The learning approach that is implemented in the school has a direct impact on children’s educational achievement and the knowledge that they gain in the process. The children get to interact with the environment and the various elements that exist in it. The environment moulds the experience of the students and what they ultimately learn from it. The educator must use his or her skills to construct a positive environment for the students so that the children with good behaviour can be encouraged and the children with negative behaviour can be effectively handled. Even though the environment in which the children function is made up of tangible and intangible elements, it must be carefully structured keeping in mind the needs and requirements of the children so that they can effectively learn in the process (Sylva, 1994). In order to increase the effectiveness of the learning environment, it is necessary to create a personalized environment. For example, the educator can know the names of the students so that they can have a sense of belonging in the classroom environment. McDonald has stated that the educators play a vital role in the learning setting as they create an environment where all the learners are able to have a sense of belonging which boosts their learning process. These educators can motivate the students in the dynamic learning context and help them to gain enough confidence to mastery their core strengths (McDonald, 2013).
According to Lousie Porter, the relationship that exists between the teacher and the student is extremely crucial to guide and influence the behaviour of the students in the learning environment. In fact, the caring relationship that exists is an extremely powerful tool that can be used as a suitable behaviour management technique to guide the students in the right direction. The guidance approach that has been presented by Porter helps to smoothen the environment and strengthen the learning process of the students. The approach that has been highlighted by him does not stress on the reward and punishment model instead it highlights how the teachers can play a vital role in the learning environment to boost the learning experience of the students (Porter, 2008).
Description of the selected video
The first video that has been selected is titled “Teachers TV – Ignoring Disruptive Behavior”. The behaviour specialist Ms Cowley helps Jenny Gunston to tackle with the behaviour issues of the children by creating a constructive learning environment for the students (YouTube, 2018). The focus of the video is on all the children that are a part of the learning environment so that a constructive environment can be created for them that can boost their overall learning experience. The teacher is trying to help the students understand how to use different musical instruments. She used her teaching tone wonderfully to help the students understand what is expected of them in the classroom setting. One of the elements that have been observed in the video is the extremely controlled environment which does not allow the children to have fun while learning something new and creative in nature. The tone of the teacher is decent but as highlighted by McDonald, there is a need to actively involve all the students so that the positive learning framework can be created.
The next video that has been used in the essay is titled “Primary Special Needs Tackling Challenging Behavior 2”. It basically focuses on the strategic models that can be implemented by a special needs teacher for the purpose of helping the children that deal with different kinds of emotional and behavioural challenges (YouTube, 2018). The video follows the teacher who teaches at the primary learning achievement centre to the students who have Emotional Behavior Disorder (EBD) (YouTube, 2018). It is highly critical for the special needs teacher, the sinker and the mainstream teacher to work in a synchronized manner so that the children facing emotional issues can have a higher degree of success. The techniques and resources must be carefully used by the teachers so that the students can positively construct their behaviour and learn at the same time. The children must be safe and supported in the classroom environment so that they can get the chance to interact with their peers and understand how to behave in the external setting. The teachers must build trust with the children suffering from behavioural issues to make the learning environment fun and interactive. Here the guidance approach that has been highlighted by Lousie Porter comes into the picture as an interactive and constructive setting is created for the students by the teachers.
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The teachers play a critical role in a learning environment who have the power to steer the learning experience of the students for the better. While teaching it is natural for them to face various kinds of challenges relating to the behaviour of the students that can act as a major bottleneck in the professional context. In order to have better control over the learning setting, there is a need to have a strong relationship between the teacher and the students so that the young minds can be moulded in a constructive manner. The videos that have been selected on how the teachers play a vital role in the classroom setting to influence the behaviour of the students. McDonald has stated that a positive learning framework needs to be established by the teachers so that the classroom can be managed in the most efficient and effective manner (McDonald, 2013). The teachers must have a broad perspective so that they can view the behaviour of the learners from different angles and provide them with sufficient scope to learn and broaden their level of knowledge.
Comparison and contrast of the views and approaches presented in the videos
Both the videos that have been used in the essay highlight the significance of the educators and the learning environment to mould the challenging behaviour of the children so that they can constructive learn in the education context. According to Cowley, the tone of the teacher is extremely crucial which can help the teacher to constructively form the learning environment (VCE Publications, 2018). The children must be given ample space in the learning setting so that they can experiment and learn new things themselves. The teachers must be careful to not just focus on the negative behaviour of a few children and ignore the positive behaviour of the rest of the kids in the classroom setting. The level of control in the learning environment must be minimized so that the children can explore their inner talent and skills and learn in the best way possible. According to Peggy O Harrelson, the teachers and students must have a straightforward relationship with one another so that a constructive approach can be implemented to deal with the behaviour issues of the students (VCE Publications, 2018).
According to the three teachers from Sally Cranney, Penny Nice and Sarah Corrigan, it is highly important for the teachers to give freedom to the students so that they would not feel pressurized to do things in the learning environment. The children must be allowed to take part in different kinds of activities so that they can constructively learn in the classroom setting. One of the unique elements that have been highlighted is that the students are made to sit in a big circle and they get the opportunity to interact with their peers and their teachers. Such an interactive approach can act as an important tool to remove the fear in the minds of the kids. A number of creative strategies have been highlighted in the video that can be used by the teachers such as the role-play sessions, sharing of their feelings, etc so that the teachers can extend their hand to help the students with their learning process. Social support is encouraged to the pupils so that they can effectively learn how to interact with others and manage their emotional issues. A number of skills have been highlighted such as speaking and listening skills, teamwork skills, and leadership skills. The criticality of the role, of the teachers, gets intensified when the children suffer from some kind of disorder or medical condition.
The common elements that have been highlighted in both the videos are that the teachers must carefully design their strategic approach to deal with the children behaviour challenges so that they can be handled in a constructive way. The role of the teachers, the educators is highly critical in the classroom setting to create a constructive learning environment for them so that their learning process can be boosted in the process.
The teachers must not only focus on their competencies as a teacher must they also need to take into account the individuality of all the students that are present in the classroom setting so that a robust and effective learning environment can be created for all of them. One of the fundamental elements that can help the teachers to function in an efficient manner is to focus on the needs and requirements of the learners and students. According to Tim McDonald, the Positive Learning Framework (PLF) can be established by adopting the “Circle of Courage” model. It fundamentally identifies the positive health and growth that is necessary for the classroom context (McDonald, 2013).
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Impact of different beliefs about children and children’s behaviour on the response to this situation
The beliefs and attitude of the parent and the teachers about the children and the behaviour that is portrayed by them have a significant impact on the situation. According to NCAC, the teachers can play a vital role to guide the behaviour of the children in the education context. In the specific situation where the child does not behave in an appropriate manner, it is necessary to enhance the quality of the learning environment so that an increased level of understanding of the accepted behaviour is possible (Imagineeducation, 2018). The teachers must not be judgmental in any way because children experience various kinds of changes when they are growing up which influences their overall behaviour. It is necessary to adopt a positive and constructive approach and show the due respect to the child so that he or she can understand how his good behaviour is encouraged and his negative behaviour is discouraged. Thus a positive belief can help to resolve the issues relating to the behavioural issues of the child (Imagineeducation, 2018). An adult must first try to develop a positive learning environment for the children so that a constructive focus on the children behaviour can be encouraged. Such a belief can positively influence the approach that is adopted by the adults to tackle the challenging behaviour of the children and effectively manage the situation. The beliefs of the teachers about the children, moulds their attitude and their teaching style which ultimately has an impact on the learning outcome of the students. The teachers need to tackle the sensitive and challenging situation with care so that the complex behaviour of the students can be effectively managed by establishing a positive learning framework. Instead of getting agitated at the students and learners that cause trouble, there is a need to focus on the reasons that make them behave in a bad way in the learning setting (McDonald, 2013).
The negative belief relating to the children and the bad behaviour adversely affects the approach that is used by the teachers to handle the situation. It is very easy for the teacher to get sucked into the situation where the child acts as a rebel and does not follow the instructions. But it is necessary for the teachers to maintain their own stability so that such behaviour can be tackled in positive ways instead of adopting any harsh punishments. A negative belief will naturally produce a negative outcome for the student which will have a bad impact on the overall learning environment for the other students as well. Thus it is necessary for the teachers to treat all the students with due respect and dignity so that all the students can understand the difference between the right thing and the wrong thing. Effective teaching is one of the core necessities that can be adopted to prevent different forms of student indiscipline in the dynamic classroom setting. Thus there is a direct impact of the positive and negative belief about the children and their behaviour on the response to the situation.
Recommendations
A number of strategic approaches have been made that could help the teachers to constructively respond to the children who consistently display challenging behaviour, to capture and understand about the individual children with challenging behaviour so that they can be effectively managed and guided in the specific learning setting. Similarly, the strategy that can be used by the teacher to initiate, develop and maintain meaningful relationships with the children in the settings that have been highlighted in the videos have been presented in the recommendation. As per McDonald, the teachers have a key power in the learning setting that can, in turn, empower the learners to brush up their core skills and academic knowledge. The recommendations have been specifically designed for the teachers so that they can use their position and knowledge to help the students have a fruitful learning experience in the classroom setting. The teachers can provide guidance to their students to construct and frame their behaviour that can boost their learning process. According to Porter, the teachers must handle the young learners insensible and delicate manner so that they can be guided in the right way in the broad learning context.
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Strategies for a teacher
A teacher can use a number of strategic approaches in order to deal with the challenging behaviour of the students in the school context. Before designing a suitable strategic model, the teachers and educators must focus on creating a constructive learning environment for the students. According to Alderman, the teachers need to introduce a suitable rewarding mechanism so that the kids with positive behaviour can be motivated. Similarly, the teachers should praise the children so that the majority of the students can focus on the appropriated behaviour that is expected from them in the classroom setting (Alderman, 2001). As highlighted by McDonald, there is the need to design a positive learning framework so that the learning experience of the students can be enhanced.
An element of surprise can be used in the classroom context so that the students that pose major challenges in the classroom context can get the chance to engage themselves with their peers in the classroom Alderman. In order to manage the different kinds of disruptive behaviour that could arise on a number of instances, the teachers must plan for “routines and transitions”. Such a strategic approach can help the teachers to deal with contingencies in the classroom setting. The teachers must be patient while dealing with the students with challenging behaviour so that they could interact with the students in a positive way and their core issues could be addressed in the process Alderman. As per Porter, teachers are the main guiding force in the classroom setting that must strengthen the environmental setting by adopting creative and unique interactive strategies (Porter, 2008).
Factors to be considered in understanding children with challenging behaviour
The teachers must first respect all the students and learners. The individual traits and behaviour of the children must be minutely observed so that the main challenges that could arise in the learning environment could be effectively tackled. The main factors that must be taken into consideration to understand the children with challenging behaviour include their social skills, mental ability, and other health factors (Edu.gov, 2018). It would help to identify the core talents and strengths of the children that could be used to deal with the challenging behaviour of the children. It is even recommended to encourage both positive and negative feedback mechanism that would help to capture the factors that could not be identified by the teacher such as the bullying behaviour with the fellow students. The teachers could be given suitable counselling sessions that would help them to capture the latent factors that come into play and influence the behaviour and the attitude of the children in the learning environment(Edu.gov, 2018). Such an approach can empower them as teachers and boost their teaching approach and classroom management technique.
Strategy to initiate, develop and maintain relationships with children
In the highlighted videos, the teachers must carefully take into account the learning needs of the children so that the most suitable tactics can be introduced for the purpose of initiating, establishing and maintaining meaningful relationships with the students that showcase challenging behaviour (Edu.gov, 2018). Firstly, it is necessary to develop an interactive relationship with the students so that they can be at ease with the peer group. Then there is a need to give them enough liberty to explore their capabilities and skills in the learning environment so that they can focus on positive things (Edu.gov, 2018). In case a student acts in an in a disciplined manner, the teacher must give him some alone time and then give him an opportunity to take part in the group activity so that his learning process would not get adversely halted in the process.
Strategy to be included in a policy
The role of the policies is extremely important to induce constructive behaviour in the children in the learning environment. A number of school-level policies on the children behaviour must be introduced that needs to be communicated clearly to the teachers, the parents and the children. The teachers need to take into consideration the education needs and the individual characteristics of all the children so that no one would feel neglected in the process. All the staff members must make a sincere for to utilize the available resources and techniques in an optimum manner so that the children would be able to grow and learn in a constructive environment (Into.ie, 2018). The mainstream teachers and the special needs teacher must function in a synchronized and coordinated manner so that the students would get the best possible ambience to learn new things. The rules must be kept at the minimum level so that the students would get new and creative opportunities to learn at their own pace. Such a positive policy setting would help the teachers to tackle the child behaviour challenges that could arise in the classroom setting. Similarly, the policies must be properly constructed keeping in mind the health conditions of the children so that there would exist no form of discrimination or bias in the learning environment (Into.ie, 2018).
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Conclusion
The children behaviour can be carefully managed if the teachers and educators understand and implement suitable strategic techniques in the learning environment. The students must be guided in a proper way with respect. Instead of trying to control the entire learning environment, the teachers must give ample scope to the children to grow. Instead of viewing different elements as misbehaviour, the teachers must broaden their outlook and encourage the experimentation behaviour of the students. Such an approach can positively influence the students, their behaviour and the overall learning outcome in the education setting. The role of the teachers and the environment in which the children exist is of critical significance as these elements have a direct impact on their behaviour. The educators must adopt a constructive approach so that the challenging behaviour can be effectively tackled and the positive behaviour can be encouraged in the process.
The challenging behaviour of children is a natural thing that almost all the teachers must have experienced in the practical scenario. The approach that is ultimately used by the teachers to tackle the difficult situation plays a vital role to mould the challenging behaviour into constructive behaviour. Such an approach can play an important role to boost the overall learning experience of the students and it can even make the learning ambience fun and interesting for them. It is necessary to take into account the major factors that come into play and influence the constructive behaviour of the students. The teacher must focus on the needs of all the students on an individual basis so that the most suitable strategic techniques can be introduced that can boost the learning environment and their learning process.
References
Alderman, N. (2001). Managing challenging behaviour. Neurobehavioural disability and social handicap following traumatic brain injury, 175-207.
Edu.gov (2018). Classroom Behavioural Strategies And Interventions. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/specedu/fas/pdf/5.pdf
Eliassen, E. K. (2011). The impact of teachers and families on young children’s eating behaviors. YC Young Children, 66(2), 84.
Imagineeducation (2018). Guiding Children’s Behaviour in Positive Ways. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.imagineeducation.com.au/files/GapTraining/NCAC_20Guiding_20Childrens_20Behaviour.pdf
Into.ie. (2018). Managing Challenging Behaviour. Retrieved from https://www.into.ie/ROI/Publications/ManagingChallengingBehaviour.pdf
McDonald, T. (2013). Classroom management: Engaging students in learning. Oxford University Press.
Porter, L. (2008). Young children’s behaviour: Practical approaches for caregivers and teachers. Elsevier Australia.
Sylva, K. (1994). School influences on children’s development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35(1), 135-170.
VCE Publications. (2018).Guiding the Behavior of Young Children. Retrieved from https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/350/350-020/350-020.html
YouTube.(2018). Teachers TV- Ignoring Disruptive Behaviour. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XY_2nRsB6HU
YouTube.(2018). Primary Special Needs – Tackling Challenging Behaviour 2. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVnrwcQfmA4
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